Intermolecular Bonding Essay :: essays research papers

Intermolecular Bonding EssayWrite an essay on intermolecular stick. Explain how each type of bond arisesand the evidence for the existence of each. chit chat on their strengths inrelation to the types of atoms involved the covalent bond and relative to eachother. Use the concepts of different types and strengths of intermolecular bondsto explain the followingThere exists iv types of intermolecular bonding, they include ionic, covalent,Van der waals and hydrogen bonding. In order to describe the existence of suchbonding you must also understand the concepts of polarity, polar and non-polar,and electronegativity. loft bonds are created by the complete shift of electrons from one atom toanother. In this process of electron transfer, each atom becomes a ion that isisoelectronic with the nearest noble gas., the warmness is held unitedly byelectrostatic forces between the ions. The tendency for these ions to be formedby elements is corespondent to the octet rule, when atoms react,, they tend todo so in such a way that they attain an outer shell containing eight electrons.The factors that effect the formation of ions are ionization energy, electronaffinity, lattice energy.Figure 1The transfer of electrons involved in the formation of (a) sodium chloride and(b) calcium fluoride. Each atom forms an ion with an outer shell containingeight electrons.For many elements, compounds cannot be formed by the end product of ions, sincethe energy released in the formation of the lattice of ions would beinsufficient to overcome the energy postulate to form the ions would beinsufficient to overcome the energy required to form the ions in the first place.In order for the atoms to achieve a noble gas configuration they must useanother method of bonding by the process of electron sharing. From figure 2, youcan see that the example of two hydrogen atoms combing. As the atoms get closertogether, each electron experiences an tenderness towards the two nuclei and theelectron den sity shifts so that the most probable place to find the twoelectrons is between the two nuclei. Effectively each atom without delay has a office ofboth the electrons. The electron density between the two nuclei exerts anattractive force on each nucleus keeping them held tightly together in acovalent bond.Figure 2A covalent bond forming between two hydrogen atoms.It is also possible for two atoms share more than one pair of electrons, sharingtwo pairs results in a double bond and sharing three pairs results in a triplebond. negativeness is a measure of how powerful a atom is in a molecule to